S. 4742 Senate Bill 119th Congress

Adding AI questions to a survey that already runs — improving measurement without building a new statistic

U.S. Senate Latest update Jun 10, 2026

S.4742, the AI DATA Act, authorizes certain labor market data collection activities and improves federal measurement of the workforce impacts of artificial intelligence. It centers on the Business Trends and Outlook Survey, the recurring survey the Census Bureau conducts to measure business conditions and expectations across industries.

Bill overview (primary data)

  • Bill numberS. 4742
  • TypeSenate Bill
  • Congress119th Congress
  • Latest actionRead twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.(2026-06-10)

Key points

  • S.4742, the AI DATA Act, authorizes labor market data collection and improves federal measurement of AI workforce impacts.
  • It defines and centers on the Business Trends and Outlook Survey conducted by the Census Bureau.
  • Rather than standing up a new survey, it adds to one already running.
  • Riding on an existing survey reuses the sample and response mechanism, keeps continuity with the past, and lightens respondent burden.
  • Measuring AI and employment draws several instruments in parallel across the bills this site covers.

1Choosing not to build a new survey

Standing up a new survey is the natural instinct when statistics are needed. But a new survey means starting design, sampling, response rates and the accumulation of a time series all from zero, and it takes years before anything is usable. This bill takes another road, centering on adding items to a survey already running.

What the text defines is the Business Trends and Outlook Survey, the recurring survey the Census Bureau conducts to measure business conditions and expectations across industries.

2What riding on an existing survey buys

Standing up a new surveyAdding items to an existing one
Design, sampling and response rates start from zeroAn established sample and response mechanism is already in place
Nothing is comparable until a time series accumulatesIt rides on a survey with continuity to the past
Respondents take on a new burdenThe addition falls on businesses already responding

The Business Trends and Outlook Survey exists to measure business conditions and expectations across industries. Questions about how AI adoption is affecting a business connect naturally to that subject, and for responding businesses the burden is lighter than answering an entirely separate instrument.

3What authorization means

Authorization in the bill name refers to conferring the power to carry out an activity by statute. A statistical agency adding new items to a survey needs legal footing and a budget basis. Supplying that footing is the substance of this bill. Rather than fixing in law exactly what to measure and how, it grants the authority and leaves the detail to practice.

4Three sponsors together

The sponsors are Mr. Kelly, Mr. Banks and Mr. Young, spanning parties. Across the bills this site covers, measuring AI and employment draws several different instruments in parallel: quarterly disclosure by employers, a fund and board, a one-time study by the Comptroller General, and riding on an existing survey as here. The range of answers to one problem is visible at once.

Of the 120 bills this site holds as of 2026-09-02, 94 (78 percent) remain referred to committee.

Why it matters

Riding on existing statistics is broadly applicable whenever a new indicator has to be stood up quickly. For businesses it means additional items on a survey they already answer, which calls for internal visibility into their own AI adoption.

FAQ

Why not build a new survey?
A new survey starts design, sampling, response rates and the time series from zero, taking years before it is usable.
What does authorization mean?
Conferring by statute the power to carry out an activity. A statistical agency adding items to a survey needs legal footing and a budget basis, and supplying that is the substance of the bill.

Sources (primary)

Source: Congress.gov (Library of Congress; U.S. legislative materials, public domain). Links go to the official site.

#Congress bills#Labor statistics#Census Bureau#Surveys#AI impact
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