Adding AI questions to a survey that already runs — improving measurement without building a new statistic
S.4742, the AI DATA Act, authorizes certain labor market data collection activities and improves federal measurement of the workforce impacts of artificial intelligence. It centers on the Business Trends and Outlook Survey, the recurring survey the Census Bureau conducts to measure business conditions and expectations across industries.
Bill overview (primary data)
- Bill numberS. 4742
- TypeSenate Bill
- Congress119th Congress
- Latest actionRead twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.(2026-06-10)
Key points
- S.4742, the AI DATA Act, authorizes labor market data collection and improves federal measurement of AI workforce impacts.
- It defines and centers on the Business Trends and Outlook Survey conducted by the Census Bureau.
- Rather than standing up a new survey, it adds to one already running.
- Riding on an existing survey reuses the sample and response mechanism, keeps continuity with the past, and lightens respondent burden.
- Measuring AI and employment draws several instruments in parallel across the bills this site covers.
1Choosing not to build a new survey
Standing up a new survey is the natural instinct when statistics are needed. But a new survey means starting design, sampling, response rates and the accumulation of a time series all from zero, and it takes years before anything is usable. This bill takes another road, centering on adding items to a survey already running.
What the text defines is the Business Trends and Outlook Survey, the recurring survey the Census Bureau conducts to measure business conditions and expectations across industries.
2What riding on an existing survey buys
The Business Trends and Outlook Survey exists to measure business conditions and expectations across industries. Questions about how AI adoption is affecting a business connect naturally to that subject, and for responding businesses the burden is lighter than answering an entirely separate instrument.
3What authorization means
Authorization in the bill name refers to conferring the power to carry out an activity by statute. A statistical agency adding new items to a survey needs legal footing and a budget basis. Supplying that footing is the substance of this bill. Rather than fixing in law exactly what to measure and how, it grants the authority and leaves the detail to practice.
4Three sponsors together
The sponsors are Mr. Kelly, Mr. Banks and Mr. Young, spanning parties. Across the bills this site covers, measuring AI and employment draws several different instruments in parallel: quarterly disclosure by employers, a fund and board, a one-time study by the Comptroller General, and riding on an existing survey as here. The range of answers to one problem is visible at once.
Of the 120 bills this site holds as of 2026-09-02, 94 (78 percent) remain referred to committee.
Why it matters
Riding on existing statistics is broadly applicable whenever a new indicator has to be stood up quickly. For businesses it means additional items on a survey they already answer, which calls for internal visibility into their own AI adoption.
FAQ
Why not build a new survey?
What does authorization mean?
Sources (primary)
Source: Congress.gov (Library of Congress; U.S. legislative materials, public domain). Links go to the official site.
- Congress.gov (bill page, original)
- S. 4742(119th Congress)